Chapter 5: "Bankrupt"
HOW TO TALK ABOUT DEBT
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借 (jiè) to borrow; to lend
银行 (yín háng) bank 信用卡公司 (xìn yòng kǎ gōng sī) credit card company
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Lesson
Click for the STORY QUEST
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Click for the LEARNING SLIDES
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Practice
RESEARCH: research the amounts of average debt (student debt, credit card debt, etc.) in China and America. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the two countries.
SKIT: in a group, write a dialogue between a friend in debt and a friend flush in cash. Memorize your skit and perform in front of the class!
SKIT: in a group, write a dialogue between a friend in debt and a friend flush in cash. Memorize your skit and perform in front of the class!
- One friend is in serious debt to the bank and credit card companies.
- S/he wants to borrow money from the other friend.
- But the friend flush with cash wants to set conditions on a loan...
Mastery
DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- 借，欠，银行，信用卡公司
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
- A：天明，我能不能借一点儿钱？
- A：对。还有...我欠银行和信用卡公司很多钱。哎呀！我知道我做错了。
- 不是叫外带，就是跟同学去饭馆，还常常乱买东西，乱花钱，欠了银行和信用卡公司很多钱。
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- Discuss harmful budget practices.
- Talk about debt.
- TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.
Chapter 6: "By Your Bootstraps"
HOW TO TALK ABOUT EDUCATION'S IMPORTANCE
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读书 (dú shū) to attend school; to study; to read aloud
受到 (shòu dào) to receive 良好 (liáng hǎo) good 教育 (jiào yù) education; to educate
受到良好的教育 to receive a good education
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Lesson
Click for the STORY QUEST
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Click for the LEARNING SLIDES
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Practice
SPEAK: discuss the importance of getting a good education. Are you happy with your education at your school? What are your parents' views on your current and future education?
WRITE: write a response to the quotation below:
WRITE: write a response to the quotation below:
Mastery
DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- 读书，受到，良好，教育
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
- 父母都觉得受到良好的教育非常重要。
- 没有教育的人找不到好工作，而他们的工资会很低。
- 我想受到良好的教育，所以我在申请哈佛(hā fó=Harvard)大学。
- 看起来不少学生都是一边读书一边打工挣钱。
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- Describe the pressures of being a student.
- Talk about education's importance.
- TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.
Chapter 7: "Penny Pinchers"
HOW TO SAVE MONEY
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存 (cún) to save up
零用钱 (líng yòng qián) allowance; spending money
适合 (shì hé) to suit
...下来 (xià lái) abstract direction complement that implies detachment or separation of one thing from another
生下来 after [the result of] birth
Direction Complements (General):
A "direction complement" is a complement that's used to describe the direction of a verb.
Abstract Direction Complements:
- 他们希望孩子们能受到良好的教育，所以孩子一生下来就开始给他们存教育费。
零用钱 (líng yòng qián) allowance; spending money
- 上个月父母给的零用钱，她不到十天就花完了，又跟妈妈要了一些，还是不够。
适合 (shì hé) to suit
- 张天明觉得自己已经是大人了，应该找工作挣钱来减轻父母的负担，所以就上网看看有没有适合自己的工作。
...下来 (xià lái) abstract direction complement that implies detachment or separation of one thing from another
- verb + 下来 = after [the result of] verb
- Here, the abstract direction complement "下来" suggests a result. It can be figuratively translated as "going down to separate away."
- 孩子生下来 = the child is born ["separating from the mother by being born down and out from the womb"]
生下来 after [the result of] birth
- 他们希望孩子们能受到良好的教育，所以孩子一生下来 [as soon as the children were born] 就开始给他们存教育费。
Direction Complements (General):
A "direction complement" is a complement that's used to describe the direction of a verb.
- A complement is a word or phrase following a verb (or sometimes an adjective) that provides additional meaning to the verb phrase. There are many different types of complements. Complements can describe duration, quantity, state, degree, result, direction, or possibility.
- Simple direction complements include 上，下，近，起，开，来 (signifying movement toward the speaker)，去 (signifying movement away from the speaker), etc.
- 他买来了一些水果。= He bought some fruit (and brought it toward the speaker).
- 他下楼来。= He comes downstairs (toward the speaker).
- Compound direction complements are made of two simple direction complements (either 来 or 去 is always in the second part of the compound). Examples include 上去，上来，进去，回来，etc.
- Compound direction complements are used in the same way as 来 and 去. Attach them to verbs to give detail about the direction of the action.
- 他走进来。= He walks inside (toward the speaker).
- 她走下楼来。= She walks downstairs (toward the speaker).
- 老师走进教室去。= The teacher walks into the classroom (away from the speaker).
- 请大家都拿起笔来。= Everyone please pick up a pen [起来=abstract direction].
- For more details, see the Chinese Grammar Wiki.
Abstract Direction Complements:
- A lot of direction complements, particularly compound direction complements, have additional idiomatic meanings beyond literally describing the physical direction of an action. These are the so-called "ABSTRACT DIRECTION COMPLEMENTS." They are often used figuratively to express result.
- These do not actually deal with direction in a literal sense, but rather suggest a result or a state of being.
- Examples include 起来，出来，下去，and 下来.
- 把你的问题说出来 = Tell us your problem [to get it out in the open]
- 出来 = signifies the emergence of something from a hidden place into the open; or a change from having nothing to having something.
- 大家都笑了起来 = everyone began to laugh
- 起来 = signifying an action that starts to take place; or expressing a preliminary judgement.
- 把你的问题说出来 = Tell us your problem [to get it out in the open]
- For more details, see the Chinese Grammar Wiki.
Lesson
Click for the STORY QUEST
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Click for the LEARNING SLIDES
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Practice
SPEAK: discuss various methods and good practices for saving money.
WRITE: write a short article to accompany the following picture:
WRITE: write a short article to accompany the following picture:
Mastery
DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
GRAMMAR: complete the following exercises:
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- 存，零用钱，适合，生下来
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
GRAMMAR: complete the following exercises:
- Translate: As soon as their children were born [they] started saving for their educational expenses. (下来)
- Rule: in English, explain what an "abstract compound directional complement" is. What is this type of complement used for? How is ...下来 an example?
- Rule (in English): Explain the "...下来" structure and describe when it's used. Give examples.
- Rule: in English, list at least two different "abstract direction complements", and give examples.
- BONUS (Rule): in English, Explain the relationship between "把" and direction complements.
- TARGET: no grammar mistakes.
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
- 我每个星期要去银行存钱。我已经存了一万元！
- 虽然爸妈给我的零用钱不少，但是我快要花完了!
- 张天明觉得自己已经是大人了，所以就上网看看有没有适合自己的工作。
- 他们希望孩子们能受到良好的教育，所以孩子一生下来就开始给他们存教育费。
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- Discuss how to conserve or save money.
- TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.
Chapter 9: "A Future To Believe In"
HOW TO GET FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
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申请 (shēn qǐng) to apply [for]
奖学金 (jiǎng xué jīn) scholarship money **助学金 (zhù xué jīn) financial aid scholarship/grant**
贷款 (dài kuǎn) loan; to provide a loan 政府 (zhèng fǔ) government Sentences:
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Lesson
Click for the STORY QUEST
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Click for the LEARNING SLIDES
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Practice
SPEAK: imagine you are students applying to college (or graduate school). Discuss potential student loans and scholarship money.
READ: read the text below and answer the following questions:
READ: read the text below and answer the following questions:
- What is the subject of the text?
- What is the text's judgment of the term, "奖学金"?
- How would the author of the text respond to this statement: "A good education is priceless"?
贷款没法还，年轻人还怎么上学？
“奖学金这个名字不合适”
一个年轻人，今年23岁。大学毕业后当了公务员，从2015年秋天开始偿还贷款。他每月的工资仅有20万元，需要偿还的贷款则是每月1万6千元，总计404万元，分250期还清。到40多岁才能还完。
每月返还的这个数目是多是少，在不同的人看来当然是因人而异的。酒井自己也曾体会到求职过程中的痛苦，他觉得自己如果成为自由职业者的话也很有可能出现无法还款而拖欠的情况。另外考虑到有可能因疾病或受伤而无法工作导致没有收入，他也考虑过购买人身保险，但考虑过保险所需费用后不得不放弃。
奖学金这个名字不合适。对于那些因钱所困的学生就应该直接说 “我们可以借钱给你“。那些拖欠不还的人恐怕就是在这点上有了错误的认识，觉得既然叫 “奖学金” 就是可以白拿钱的。我曾经也是这样，太过轻率了。
“奖学金这个名字不合适”
一个年轻人，今年23岁。大学毕业后当了公务员，从2015年秋天开始偿还贷款。他每月的工资仅有20万元，需要偿还的贷款则是每月1万6千元，总计404万元，分250期还清。到40多岁才能还完。
每月返还的这个数目是多是少，在不同的人看来当然是因人而异的。酒井自己也曾体会到求职过程中的痛苦，他觉得自己如果成为自由职业者的话也很有可能出现无法还款而拖欠的情况。另外考虑到有可能因疾病或受伤而无法工作导致没有收入，他也考虑过购买人身保险，但考虑过保险所需费用后不得不放弃。
奖学金这个名字不合适。对于那些因钱所困的学生就应该直接说 “我们可以借钱给你“。那些拖欠不还的人恐怕就是在这点上有了错误的认识，觉得既然叫 “奖学金” 就是可以白拿钱的。我曾经也是这样，太过轻率了。
Mastery
DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- 申请，奖学金，*助学金*，贷款，政府
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
READING: read aloud the following sentences:
- A：你会申请政府的学生贷款吗？
- B：不会，我的奖学金够交学费。
- A：你的生活费呢？
- B：我也在打工，所以不需要申请贷款。
- 奖学金不够交学费，我还申请了政府的学生贷款。
- TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
- Talk about getting loans.
- Talk about applying for scholarships (or financial aid).
- TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.
MINIBOSS #2: ACT 2 REVIEW
Pika, Pika! Can you beat me?
Mastery Challenge 1 (Vocabulary and Grammar):
Mastery Challenge 2 (Speaking):
BONUS CHALLENGES:
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