​Chapter 9: "Inn of Ghosts"

HOW TO ASK FOR A SEAT IN A RESTAURANT
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好像    (hǎo xiàng) [v] to seem; to be like; it seems

位子    (wèi zi) seat

桌子    (zhuō zi) table    

一...也/都...不/没有        not even all...; not even one...
  • We're going to focus on this specific structure:
    • " 一 + MW + object + 都 + 不/没 + verb" = Not AT ALL [verb phrase]

Examples: 
1. 这个饭馆好像一个位子都没有 = In this restaurant it seems there's even one seat
2. 我今天没钱，一块钱都没有 = I didn't ring money today, not even one dollar do I have
3. 如果你想睡好觉，就不能喝咖啡，一杯咖啡都不能喝= If you want to sleep well, you can't drink coffee, not even one cup
4. 他看了很多件衬衫，一件也不喜欢，一件都没买 = He saw a lot of shirts, didn't like even one, didn't buy even one
5. 一个都不能少 = Not even one less [Movie Title]

Sentences:
  • 人怎么这么多？好像一个位子都没有了。
  • 服务员，请问，还有没有位子？
  • 有，有，有。那张桌子没有人。
  • 两位想吃点儿什么？​
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TRAIN: write 3 sentences using the following grammar structure:​
  • 一...也/都...不/没有

​​SKIT: in a group, write a dialogue on trying to find available seats in a restaurant. Memorize your skit and perform in front of the class!

WRITE: caption the following image in Chinese:
Mastery
DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
  • 位子，桌子，好像
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.

GRAMMAR: complete the following exercises:
  • Translate: It seems like there's not one seat left.
  • TARGET: no mistakes.

READING: read aloud the following sentences:
  • 人怎么这么多？好像一个位子都没有了。
  • 服务员，请问，还有没有位子？
  • 有，有，有。那张桌子没有人。
  • 两位想吃点儿什么？​
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
​
​SPEAKING: perform the following role-play:
  • ​Ask if there are seats available in a restaurant (there don't seem to any)!
  • Explain to the customer there are still seats available at a specific table.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.

Chapter 10: "Kung Fu Panda"

HOW TO COMPLAIN ABOUT RESTAURANT SERVICE
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服务    (fú wù) [adj] service
  • 服务员，请问，还有没有位子？

上菜    (shàng cài) [vo] to serve food
  • 不要别的了，这些够了。服务员，我们都饿了，请上菜快一点儿。​​
​
​Result Complements
  • A "result complement" is a complement that's used to describe or clarify the result of a verb's action.
    • ​> SUB + VERB + RESULT COMPLEMENT (+ OBJECT)
  • The use of result complements is an essential feature of the Chinese language. Generally speaking, result complements are necessary as long as an action produces a certain result.
  • In English, we have separate verbs to describe actions depending on their outcome. You can look, but not see, or listen, but not hear. In Chinese, verbs tend to be of the 'look' and 'listen' variety - the result isn't included like it is in 'see' and 'hear'. So if you want to indicate the result, you have to use a result complement.
  • There are endless examples of these 'attempt' or 'procedure' verbs in Chinese which don't include an outcome. The majority of Chinese verbs are like this, in fact. For example: 
    • > 看 means 'to look' but doesn't include the result 'to see'. 
    • > 写 is similar to the English verb 'to write', in that it doesn't specify what the result of writing was (e.g. whether it was correct or not).
    • All of these verbs need a result complement to describe a complete action with its result.
  • ​Whether a verb can or should be combined with a result complement is not random, but rather follows certain set patterns. It's best to memorize each "verb + result complement" as a set phrase.
  • See the Chinese Grammar Wiki for more info.

NOTE 1: 了 very often appears with result complements, as 了 marks completed actions, and as you'd expect a result complement is usually about a completed action. 了 comes after the result complement, as the verb+result compound can't be separated.

NOTE 2: The negative form of a result complement is usually formed with "没有" [because it's negating a completed result]. Do NOT use "不."

Examples:
1. 小白菜卖完了。= The baby bok choy is sold out [完=result complement].
2. 你找错钱了。= You gave me the change incorrectly [错＝result complement].
3. 功课做好了，我要睡觉了。= My homework is done [好=result complement], I want to go to bed.
4. 那个人是谁你看清楚了吗? ／那个人我没看清楚。 = Can you see clearly who that person is? / No, I can't clearly see that person.

见 (jiàn) [complement] "achieved"

到 (dāo) [complement] "achieved"
  • The result complements "到" or "见" indicate that the outcome of the verb is achieved - what its result is. Without a result complement, the sentence would describe only the action itself. 
  • To illustrate, 看 (kàn) "to look" is the action of turning your head in a particular direction and focusing your eyes, whereas 看到 (kàn dào)," to see," is the result of your brain taking in the visual input. 
  • It may sound a little hokey, but it really is possible to "look but not see," and Chinese makes a clear distinction between the action and the result.
  • See the Chinese Grammar Wiki for more info.
NOTE: "到" and "见" are both common result complements for sensing verbs [such as 看 and 听]. They can be used interchangeably in this area. However, 见 is ONLY used after sensing verbs, while 到 can ALSO be attached to a large number of other verbs [such as 找，做，买，学，想, etc.]

Examples:
​1. 我看到了。OR 我看见了。= I saw it.
2. 你听到了吗？OR 你听见了吗？= Did you hear it? 
3. 我没有听到。OR 我没有听见。​= I didn't hear it.

错    (cuò) [complement] wrongly
  • 师傅，钱你找错了，多找了我一块钱。

​清楚    (qīng chǔ) [complement] clearly
  • A: 对不起，我没有看清楚。B: 没关系。
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​​SKIT: in a group, write a dialogue about a waiter and customer at a restaurant. Memorize your skit and perform in front of the class!
  • The customer is very dissatisfied with his/her restaurant experience.
  • The waiter fields multiple complaints with a forced smile...

WRITE: write a letter of complaint to the owner of a restaurant you visited recently. You were very unhappy with the service provided!!! Explain why.
Mastery
​​DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
  • 服务，上菜，错，清楚
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.

GRAMMAR: complete the following exercises:
  • Rule (in English): Explain what a "result complement" is. Describe its specific structure and when it should be used. Give examples of result complements.
  • Puzzle (in English): list the three types of complements we've learned so far, and give examples of each.
  • Translate: I'm sorry, our baby bok choy was just sold out.
  • Translate: No problem, the dish can be made very quickly.
  • Translate: Sorry, I didn't see [it] clearly.
  • TARGET: no more than 2 grammar mistakes.

READING: read aloud the following sentences:
  • 服务员，请问，还有没有位子？
  • 看错了。
  • A: 对不起，我没有看清楚。B: 没关系。
  • 不要别的了，这些够了。服务员，我们都饿了，请上菜快一点儿。​​
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
​
​SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
  • Complain about the restaurant service, including long wait times.
  • Complain about the waiter.
  • Ask to rush an order.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.

Chapter 11: "The Furious Five"

HOW TO TALK ABOUT SOLD OUT ITEMS
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刚    (gāng) [adv] just
  • Note that 刚 (adv) is different from 刚才 ("just now"=time word noun)
    • > denotes that the action or change in situation took place in the recent past.
      > the "recent past" is relative and determined by the speaker. For this reason, 刚 can indicate that something "just" happened 1 second ago, 5 minutes ago, 2 hours ago, 3 weeks ago, or even a year ago. The absolute time is flexible, but from the speaker's perspective, it feels recent.
      > cannot be followed by the negation words 不 and 没.
      > 了 is not usually required in sentences with 刚 if the verb indicates a clear result
    • > 我哥哥刚才从中国来，一个朋友都没有​
  • 刚才 is similar in meaning to 刚 but has a different part of speech; it refers to the time shortly before the act of speaking
    • > cannot be followed by an expression that indicates the duration of time
    • > often used in the structure "刚才...了"
    • > 弟弟刚才吃了十五个饺子，喝了两碗酸辣汤

​完    (wán) [complement] finished

卖完了    (mài wán le) [vc] sold out ["finished" selling]

好 (hǎo) [complement] "successfully or properly finished"
  • "好" here is a result complement with the structure: sub + verb + 好 (+ object)"
  • "做好" = to do "successfully and properly" (i.e. it's finished)

Sentences:
  • 对不起，小白菜刚卖完。
  • 没问题，菜很快就能做好。​
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SPEAK: role-play a waiter and customer at a restaurant. The customer wants to order some dishes, but unfortunately they have been sold out. The waiter offers suggestions for other dishes.

WRITE: caption the following image in Chinese:
Mastery
​​DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
  • 刚，完，做好
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.

GRAMMAR: complete the following exercises:
  • Rule (in English): Explain the differences between 刚 vs. 刚才. Give examples of each.
  • TARGET: no mistakes.

READING: read aloud the following sentences:
  • 对不起，小白菜刚卖完。
  • 没问题，菜很快就能做好。
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
​
​SPEAKING: perform the following conversation tasks:
  • Explain that a dish has been sold out (or not). Discuss why.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.

Chapter 12: "Dragon Warrior"

HOW TO PAY AT A RESTAURANT
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买单    (mǎi dān) bring the check/bill

我请客    (wǒ qǐng kè) My treat 

AA制    (AA zhì) [phrase] split the bill/go dutch  ​

忘    (wàng) to forget    

带    (dài) to bring, to take

A找B[X]钱    (A zhǎo B qián) [phrase] A finds [change] for B       

Sentences:
  • 师傅，糟糕，我忘了带饭卡了。这是十块钱。
  • 找你三块三
  • 师傅，钱你找错了，多找了我一块钱。
  • 服务员！买单。
  • 这次我请客，下次你再请。
  • 我们AA制吧，各付各的。​​
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LEARN MORE: watch the preview videos about Chinese dining etiquette or paying for the bill. Write a paragraph summarizing what you learned!

​​SKIT: in a group, write a dialogue about two customers at a restaurant. Memorize your skit and perform in front of the class!
  • The "host" prepares to pay for the meal.
  • The "guest" argues with the host; fight over who pays!
  • The "host" pays in the end..

WRITE: write a story about paying for a meal at a restaurant based on the following picture:
Mastery
​DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
  • 买单，忘，带，找钱，请客，AA制
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.

READING: read aloud the following sentences:
  • 糟糕，我忘了带钱了！
  • (我) 找你三块三。
  • 钱你找错了，多找了我一块钱。
  • 服务员！买单。​
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
​
​SPEAKING: perform the following role-play:
  • Ask for the bill at a restaurant.
  • Argue about who should pay for the bill.
  • Admit that you forgot to bring money.
  • Pay with cash and ask the waiter for change; give back the correct change.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.

Chapter 13: "Master Shifu"

HOW TO ORDER IN A CAFETERIA
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师傅    (shī fu) "master," respected worker

饭卡    (fàn kǎ) meal card

来(verb)    (lái) to order [substitutes for "点" in restaurants/shops]

Sentences:
  • 今天是星期四，学生餐厅有中国菜，师傅是上海人。
  • 师傅，糟糕，我忘了带饭卡了。这是十块钱。
  • 没有。你已经要鱼了，别吃肉了。来个凉拌黄瓜吧？
  • 下个星期四再来。​
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SPEAK: role-play a customer and 师傅 at a school cafeteria, ordering + paying for food.

WRITE: write a diary entry about your first experience eating in a Chinese school cafeteria.
Mastery
​DICTATION: write the Chinese characters, English definition, and pinyin (including tones):
  • 师傅，饭卡，来(菜)
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.

READING: read aloud the following sentences:
  • 今天是星期四，学生餐厅有中国菜，师傅是上海人。
  • 师傅，糟糕，我忘了带饭卡了。这是十块钱。
  • 没有。你已经要鱼了，别吃肉了。来个凉拌黄瓜吧？
  • TARGET: no more than 1 mistake, including tones.
​
​SPEAKING: perform the following role-play:
  • Order food in a cafeteria. [use “来”]
  • Use your meal card to pay for a meal.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 on ALL tasks.

 MINIBOSS #3: ACT 3 REVIEW

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Pika, Pika! Can you beat me?
Mastery Challenge 1 (Vocabulary and Grammar): ​
​Mastery Challenge 2 (Speaking):
  • Perform the following role-play in a restaurant:
    • ​Ask if there are seats available (there don't seem to any)!
    • Complain about the restaurant's service (such as the waiter, speed of service, flavor of the food, mistake in your order, etc.)
    • Pay for your meal at a restaurant. Decide how to pay.
  • TARGET: at least a 3 in ALL categories.

BONUS CHALLENGES:
  • ​GODLIKE: Achieve a 100% score on all mastery challenges—zero mistakes!